In a rare and insightful nearly three-hour conversation, Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi sat down with US-based artificial intelligence researcher and podcaster Lex Fridman. The discussion touched on a variety of topics including Modis childhood, leadership, diplomacy, democracy in India, global tensions, and technological advancements. The podcast was further notable for its AI-powered multilingual dubbing, making it accessible to a global audience and underscoring the role of AI in modern communication.

AI-Driven Innovation in Podcasting

Modis conversation with Fridman was not only significant in content but also in its presentation. The podcast was dubbed in multiple languages using AI voice cloning technology by US-based startup ElevenLabs. This AI tool preserved the authenticity of Modis and Fridmans voices, including their intonations, emotions, and speech style. Currently, the podcast is available in Hindi, English, and Russian, with more languages expected soon. This technological advancement highlights AIs role in bridging linguistic barriers and expanding access to important discussions worldwide.

AI-generated dubbing, which ensures that even subtle vocal nuances are preserved, represents a major step forward in content localization. Traditionally, dubbing processes often resulted in the loss of tone and emotional depth, but the integration of this AI has attempted to mitigate these issues. 

Modi on Leadership and His Early Life

Reflecting on his childhood, Modi described his upbringing in extreme poverty but emphasized that his family never felt burdened by it. He credited his disciplined father and hardworking mother for instilling values of dedication and empathy in him. Modi shared that his lifes experiences, shaped by hardship and perseverance, now guide his leadership approach.

Modis philosophy of leadership is deeply rooted in his personal experiences. He mentioned how his exposure to Indias diverse cultural fabric during his early travels across the country influenced his worldview. He believes that leadership should be about service rather than authority, and his years of grassroots engagement have informed his political decisions.

Addressing the 2002 Gujarat Riots

Discussing the 2002 Gujarat riots, Modi refuted claims that they were the worst in the states history. He pointed out that Gujarat had witnessed over 250 riots before 2002, including the prolonged violence of 1969. Modi stated that repeated judicial scrutiny had cleared him of any wrongdoing, emphasizing that political opponents failed to substantiate allegations against him.

He also underscored the importance of law and order, asserting that his government had worked tirelessly to curb communal violence. He highlighted how Gujarat underwent significant transformation post-2002, with a focus on development and social cohesion, turning it into one of Indias leading states in economic growth.

Relations with the U.S. and Trump

Modi praised former U.S. President Donald Trump, highlighting his leadership and commitment to America. He recalled the Howdy Modi event in Houston in 2019, where Trump joined him in addressing a large Indian-American crowd. Modi also acknowledged Trumps resilience following an assassination attempt, drawing parallels between their shared philosophy of putting their nations first.

The relationship between India and the U.S. was another critical topic. Modi highlighted how both countries share democratic values and have strengthened strategic ties over the years. He pointed out that collaborations in defense, trade, and technology have flourished, positioning India as a key partner in global geopolitics.

Global Conflicts and International Cooperation

Addressing global issues, Modi expressed concern over conflicts such as the wars in Ukraine and the Middle East. He criticized international organizations like the United Nations for their declining relevance, stating that those who violate global rules often face no consequences. Modi underscored the need for peace and development, emphasizing that no nation can thrive in isolation.

He also stressed the importance of multilateral cooperation, suggesting that global governance structures need reform to reflect the changing world order. According to him, developing nations should have a greater say in global decision-making.

India-China Relations and Border Tensions

On Indias relationship with China, Modi acknowledged past conflicts, including the 2020 border clashes, but stressed ongoing diplomatic efforts to restore normalcy. He highlighted the historical ties between the two nations and advocated for a future of healthy competition rather than confrontation, reinforcing the idea that the 21st century belongs to Asia.

He noted that while economic ties between India and China remain strong, strategic concerns must be addressed through dialogue. He reiterated Indias commitment to safeguarding its sovereignty while ensuring regional stability.

Pakistan and Regional Peace

Modi criticized Pakistans repeated betrayals in peace efforts but expressed hope that wisdom would prevail. He acknowledged the desire for peace among Pakistani citizens, who have endured prolonged instability. He also touched upon Indias recent cricketing success over Pakistan, using it as a lighthearted analogy for the nation’s overall strength.

He further elaborated that while diplomatic efforts continue, India remains steadfast in its approach to national security. He emphasized that terrorism and cross-border aggression are unacceptable, calling for stronger international measures to combat extremism.

AI and Indias Role in the Future of Technology

Modi declared that the global AI revolution would be incomplete without India, emphasizing the countrys problem-solving capabilities and analytical thinking. He reinforced that AI should be a collaborative effort, positioning India as a crucial player in technological advancements.

Indias contributions to AI, from startups to academic research, make it a potential leader in the field. Modi highlighted Indias digital transformation, citing initiatives such as the Aadhaar biometric system and digital payments as examples of how India has embraced technology for governance.

Modi on Loneliness and Personal Strength

When asked about loneliness, Modi responded that he never feels alone, attributing his strength to his faith and the support of 1.4 billion Indians. He emphasized a spiritual connection that keeps him motivated.

He shared that his daily routine includes meditation and reading scriptures, which help him maintain clarity and inner peace. He believes that leaders should cultivate self-awareness to serve effectively.

Advice to the Youth

Modi encouraged young people to remain optimistic, stating, No matter how dark the night may seem, morning is bound to come. He urged them to embrace challenges, warning against the allure of shortcuts in life.

He further advised young people to develop resilience and adaptability, emphasizing that success is a result of sustained effort. He urged them to focus on innovation and nation-building rather than seeking quick gains.